In every global crisis, food security as well as energy security is always on the agenda. Especially when the countries that cause or are most affected by the crisis have an important role in food security, the emergence of a food security problem should be considered normal. Almost three months after the start of the Ukraine-Russia war, millions of people have been displaced from their homes and many others have been deprived of food and water. The decisions that farmers and politicians make going forward are vital and will have a long-term impact.
Why is the Ukraine-Russia war so important for food security? The countries bordering the Black Sea are globally referred to as the "breadbasket". While they were net importers of cereals before the 1990s, today they are net exporters of cereals. Russia and Ukraine taken together;
Producing and marketing 12% of all food calories on the global market,
29% of global wheat exports,
19% of Egyptian exports,
It accounts for 78% of sunflower exports.
In 2018-2020, Ukraine alone accounted for 50% of global sunflower oil production and 10-15% of global wheat, corn and barley production. Due to these export and production rates, the Ukraine-Russia war is expected to have serious impacts on the global food system. Fertilizer prices have recently increased significantly.
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